Penetration grade bitumen is classified according to Penetration (ASTM D5) and Softening Point (ASTM D36). Penetration specifications are used in Europe, Africa and many parts of Asia.
Viscosity based specifications refer to the dynamic viscosity of bitumen at 60°C. India and Australia are the two main countries that use viscosity based specifications
Polymer modified bitumen (PMB) is a standard grade bitumen blended with carefully selected synthetic or natural polymers to improve the engineering properties.
A range of PG grade binders complying with AASHTO M320 are available, selection of which depends on climatic variations in different countries.
Bitumen emulsions are suspensions of bitumen droplets in water. Used for surface treatments, crack and joint fillings, emulsions can be cationic or anionic in nature.
Cutback bitumen products are preparations of standard grade bitumen and a solvent (usually kerosene) used to reduce the viscosity of the bitumen.
Important basic industrial alkali chemical used in soap and detergents, pulp and paper, iron and steel, aluminum cleaning compounds, water softening and dyeing, in fiber–reactive dyes, effluent treatment and production of chemicals.
